![]() Important in the recognition and destruction of intracellular pathogens (e.g., viruses, intracellular bacteria).Directly involves cytotoxic T cells and other phagocytes, but not B cells or antibodies.A major component of the adaptive immune response.Immunodeficiency conditions, in which a compromised immune system leaves the body highly susceptible to infections, can be either congenital (see “ Congenital immunodeficiency disorders” for more information) or acquired (e.g., HIV infection, iatrogenic immunosuppression). Autoimmunity is a disorder of the adaptive immune system and is characterized by immune responses to the body's own tissue. ![]() Adaptive immunity can be conferred via vaccination, which induces immunity through selective exposure to antigens that have been rendered innocuous. These cells are able to trigger a more rapid and extensive response following subsequent antigen exposure. An important component of adaptive immunity is immunologic memory, a mechanism by which the immune system forms memory B cells and memory T cells. The adaptive immune system primarily involves B cells, T cells, and circulating antibodies, all of which mount a targeted immune response to a particular antigen/invading pathogen. Adaptive (acquired) immunity is a part of the immune system that provides an antigen-specific response following exposure to a microbial pathogen or foreign substance (e.g., antigen).
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